Process characteristics and main uses of phosphate rock

1. Process characteristics:
Chinese phosphate minerals are three types: magmatic apatite, phosphate rock type sedimentary, metamorphic rock phosphate deposition.
Magmatic rock type apatite: The storage only accounts for 7% of the total storage, mainly distributed in the north. It is characterized by low phosphorus grade, generally less than 10%, and the lowest is only 2~3%. Due to the coarser crystal and the coarser grain size, it is easy to choose phosphate rock, the beneficiation process is simple, and the beneficiation index is higher. It is also associated with vanadium , titanium , iron , cobalt and other elements, which can be comprehensively recovered, so the ore has good economic benefits.
Sedimentary metamorphic rock type apatite: its storage accounts for 23% of the total storage, mainly distributed in Jiangsu, Anhui, Hubei and other provinces. Under normal circumstances, due to weathering, the ore is loose and contains high mud. The scrubbing and deliming process can be used to obtain qualified phosphate concentrates, sometimes with flotation process. Many mines in the Dianchi area of ​​Yunnan use this process, and the production cost is low. This type of mine is the most valuable phosphate rock in the industry.
Sedimentary rock type phosphorus rock: It is the main type in the world. In this country, this type of ore storage accounts for 70% of the total storage, mainly distributed in the south and southwest. The five provinces of Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan, Hubei and Hunan account for 78% of this type of storage, which can be said to be the hometown of phosphate rock. This type of ore dressing is the most difficult, and its characteristics are:
(1) The apatite inlay has a fine particle size and is homogeneous colloid or cryptocrystalline or microcrystalline. Phosphate ore aggregates are mostly granules and pseudo granules. Between the granules and even inside the granules, a mixture of carbonates, siliceous and other shale minerals is often mixed. The ore dressing is generally ground to 80-90%-320 mesh to dissociate the monomer. Due to the fine grain size of the grinding, the non-selective adsorption of mineral surface energy, non-selective agglomeration and chemicals is increased, so that the difference in floatability between different minerals is reduced, which makes the flotation separation difficult.
(2) China's phosphate rock is mainly a series of fluorocarbon apatite. PO ₄ ^2- in the apatite lattice is replaced by a CO ₃ ^2- moiety. The series of apatites are classified according to the degree of CO ₃ ^2- substitution: micro-carbon fluoroapatite, low-carbon fluoroapatite, fluorocarbon apatite, and high-carbon fluoroapatite. Not only the theoretical value of P ₂ O ₅ is lowered, but also the phosphorus mineral crystal parameter α is made small and the degree of crystallization is poor, so that the floatability is gradually lowered.
(3) Ores generally contain calcium and siliceous minerals. When the two are in one piece, the degree of ore dressing is more difficult. Because calcite , dolomite and apatite all contain the same name ion Ca ²⁺ , the two are floatable close to each other. When using fatty acid additives, it is more difficult to sort.
2, the main purpose:
Phosphate ore is widely used and is mainly used to produce phosphate fertilizer. See the table below.

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