The ultra-fine powder industry is an emerging industry that has developed with modern high-tech and new materials industries. Since the 1970s, the global market demand for ultra-fine powder has grown at an average rate of about 10%, making it one of the fastest growing industries after the IT and information industries. China's ultra-fine powder production has grown from around 300,000 tons in the early 1980s to about 4.5 million tons in 2003, with an average annual growth rate of more than 13%. Mechanical superfine pulverization is one of the most important processing techniques for ultrafine powders.

1. Status of domestic superfine crushing equipment

At present, the overall level of domestic superfine pulverization technology is:

1 It can produce all kinds of ultrafine powder equipment currently used in industry;

2 China has been able to industrially produce large quantities of ultrafine powder with an average particle size of about 1 μm;

3 Due to the development of new material technology, the wear of equipment has been significantly reduced;

4 Some ultra-fine pulverizing equipment and technologies have been exported to developing countries such as Southeast Asia, the Middle East and Africa.

1.1 Superfine crushing equipment

At present, the main gap between domestic superfine pulverizing equipment and advanced foreign countries is: (1) less large-scale equipment; (2) the level of automatic control of equipment is backward; (3) low level of technical integration and poor performance of equipment; (4) The energy consumption and wear per unit of product are high.

1.2 Fine grading equipment

Dry type fine classifiers are mostly developed with the introduction and development of high-speed mechanical impact type ultra-fine grinding and jet mills, especially fluidized bed-to-jet jet mills. Therefore, several dry fine gradings currently dominant are Japan's MS, MSS and German ATP single or multi-wheel turbine classifiers. Most of the domestic dry fine grading is copied or developed on the basis of the above classification machine.

There are two main types of wet classifiers: one is a hydraulic classifier based on the principle of gravity settlement; the other is a cyclone classifier based on the principle of centrifugal force settlement. Table 2 lists the performance and applications of each of the major fine classifiers.

2. Development trend of superfine crushing equipment

At present, the main challenges faced by ultra-fine powder processing technology are:

The demand for ultrafine powders of less than 1 μm is rapidly increasing;

2 Large-scale production of ultra-fine powder requires large-scale and intelligent equipment to reduce energy consumption per unit product and stabilize product quality;

3 large-scale production of ultra-fine powder and strict product particle size distribution requires high-processing equipment with high processing capacity, high classification efficiency and low energy consumption;

4 The processing of high-hard and ultra-fine powder materials and the continuous improvement of product purity requirements require that the wear of ultra-fine pulverization and fine grading equipment is significantly reduced;

5 Special grain shape (needle and sheet) and production of tough ultrafine powder.

In order to meet these challenges, the main development trends of ultrafine grinding equipment in the future are:

(1) Improve product fineness and reduce equipment crushing limit;

(2) Improve the output of single machine and reduce the energy consumption per unit of product;

(3) reducing wear;

(4) High stability and reliability;

(5) Online regulation of product fineness and particle size distribution;

(6) High-efficiency fine and large-scale grading equipment;

(7) Ultrafine pulverizing equipment for special granular and tough materials.

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