Abstract : The status quo and user requirements of heavy-duty horizontal bedding and circumcision lathes, and how to transform ordinary heavy-duty lathes or roll lathes into a highly-comprehensive, technically advanced, aesthetically pleasing, and easy-to-use CNC heavy-duty horizontal model Lathes and lathes were described, and comparisons were made between the C61200 general model, the new digital pull type, and the numerically controlled retrofit type. 1 Introduction The modern NC transformation of the original heavy-duty horizontal lathes and roll lathes is a short-cut, quick and effective shortcut. The user's factory requires the heavy-duty horizontal lathes and roll lathes after CNC transformation. It should be applied to high-efficiency and heavy-duty cutting of coarse and fine machining processes such as plain steel, forging steel, alloy cast iron, high speed steel and Gaoming steel. The high-precision, low-roughness high-performance automatic cutting of the outer circle, inner hole, end face, tapered face, internal and external threads, arcs and various curved composite holes f can be completed. At present, Tangshan Heavy-duty Machine Tool Plant has successfully digitized and modernized the normal heavy-duty horizontal lathes C61125A, C61160, and C61200G for the largest metallurgical roll manufacturer in China, and achieved good economic benefits. 2 Comparison of main parameters and performance of ordinary type and new NC type heavy-duty horizontal lathe (roller lathe) (see Table 1) Table 1 Take the C 61 20 0 general model and the new CNC heavy-duty horizontal lathe as an example. 3 CNC transformation of design content The bed is dismantled with the original light bar and screw, the guide rails are ground again, and the large longitudinal inserts the high precision helical rack. The main drive spindle and gear system are optimized. The encoder is installed at the end of the spindle, and the speed control system is updated to an advanced all-digital DC speed regulation or AC variable frequency speed control system. 4 Comparison of main performance parameters of the new NC type and NC-type heavy-duty horizontal lathes (roller lathes) Take C 6120 0 brand-new numerical control and numerical control transformation type as an example (see Table 2) Table 2 (4) In the protection of large longitudinal tool rails of the bed, the design layout of the new CNC heavy-duty vehicle can inlay the rails with steel, and at the same time it is protected with full-length protective covers, which is beneficial to the long-term maintenance of the movement accuracy; The bed is an old machine, so it is structurally limited and cannot be completely protected from the rails. Although steel strips can be inserted but in long-term operation, iron filings and other objects will inevitably damage the guide surface of the bed, affecting the accuracy. 5 Conclusion In summary, the functions and main performance parameters of the heavy-duty horizontal lathes and roll lathes after CNC transformation (except for the bed protection) are consistent with the performance parameters of the new CNC heavy-duty horizontal lathes and roll lathes, but their prices are about It is about 1/3 of the new products of CNC heavy-duty trucks; the production cycle is shortened by 1/2 compared to the new products.
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Keywords: heavy-duty lathe; roller lathe; numerical control; design; transformation 
From the comparison in Table 1, we can see:
(1) The main parameters and the main drive speed range (the first seven items in Table 1) of the common type and new CNC type heavy-duty horizontal lathes and roll lathes are basically the same.
(2) Vertical and horizontal feed amount range: Normal type: The feed range is narrow, and it is step-variable, complete feed movement and turning thread movement, rely on the main drive, feed box, light bar, screw, slip Crate, knife holder and other parts of the multi-shift mechanism to achieve linkage. To complete a fast move requires a dedicated, fast motor drive with half the speed of a CNC machine.
New CNC type: wide feed range, infinitely variable speed, can be adjusted as needed, various feed processing movements are separate transmission, each axis has its own AC servo drive motor, mechanical speed reduction system, combined with the spindle The configured rotary position encoder completes the combined feed motion of the spindle, longitudinal Z axis, and transverse X axis under the unified control of the numerical control system. The rapid movement speed is 2 times that of the normal type, which means that the movement efficiency of the empty stroke is increased by 2 times, and the auxiliary preparation time is shortened by half.
(3) Machining principle (using the complex hole shape on the metallurgical roller as an example): Ordinary type: All kinds of forming template are required for machining. The finished workpiece is used to find the workpiece shape to be machined. Processing, low efficiency and poor accuracy. The arc arc transition curve processed has unstable dimensions and accuracy, and is inefficient, and it is difficult to adapt to changing requirements of the hole type.
New CNC type: The NC program controls the X-axis, 2-axis interpolation linkage, and the spindle S rotation speed automatically during machining, which drives the indexable cutter head to complete the processing of any hole-shaped curve in the plane coordinate system with high precision and high efficiency. Any hole change can be adjusted by changing the machining program.
From the above analysis and comparison, it can be seen that the numerical control transformation of ordinary heavy-duty horizontal lathes or roll lathes mainly focuses on the modernization and design of the main drive part such as injection and vertical and horizontal feed parts.
The vertical and horizontal feed systems abrogate the tool holder, carriage box, and feed box of the original machine tool, and redesign and design a set of numerically-controlled tool holders, carriage boxes, and frame cutters (or multi-station turrets).
3.1 Numerically controlled tool rest consists of a carriage dragging plate, a horizontal slide plate, and a horizontal feed drive chain. The large drag plate moves on the longitudinal rail of the bed, and the friction coefficient is reduced by using a plastic guide rail pair and automatic lubrication. The horizontal drive chain is driven by the AC servo motor to drive the speed reduction gear and the ball screw (nut) deputy tool holder transverse slide to complete the transverse (X axis) feed motion.
3.2 Numerical Control Slide Box It is the key transmission element for longitudinal ultra-long-distance and high-precision feed movement. For heavy-duty moving parts with a travel distance of more than 6m, it is important that the feed motion with positioning accuracy is important in winter. The longitudinal (Z-axis) feed motion is driven by an AC servo motor using a double pinion anti-backlash drive structure. In the transmission chain, the spiral gear principle and the axial displacement of the center shaft drive the double pinion gear relative to the helical rack to achieve the purpose of anti-backlash transmission.
Longitudinal (Z-axis) and transverse (X-axis) axes of feed motion use precision gratings as position detection feedback elements to form closed-loop control.
3.3 Frame type tool holder is equipped with high rigidity and strong knife row on both sides of the knife holder and the left and right sides of the knife body. The knife row can make the motion of the secondary contraction, positioning and clamping along the radial direction of the workpiece to ensure that the tool holder is within the processing range. The maximum overhang stiffness is sufficient to ensure cutting accuracy. At the same time with a rapid tool change structure, so that the knife has a high-precision positioning function. When the special accessories are configured, inner holes, internal threads, inner cone holes, etc. can also be turned.
3.4 Tool holder walking platform and hanging operation button station Designed from the perspective of user-friendly design, the tool holder walking platform and hanging operation button station are convenient for the operator to operate and process. The operator stands on the tool holder and can achieve centralized control of the main movement and feed movement of the machine tool part through the hanging button station.
3.5 Fitting the Renishaw side of the United Kingdom facilitates the inspection of various parts of the workpiece.
3.6 The numerical control system can optionally use Spain's "FAGOR" 8040 or 8055, German "Siemens" 802D or 840D and other numerical control systems according to the function requirements. The CNC system can control the X and Z feed axes and spindles S, and has functions such as linear and circular interpolation, pitch error compensation, tool radius compensation, tool length compensation, and tool wear compensation. At the same time, graphics simulation and blueprint programming can be realized. Fault self-diagnosis, storage and call of various parameters. 
From the comparison in Table 2, we can see:
(1) The main parameters (the first 6 items in the table) of the new NC type and NC modified heavy-duty horizontal lathes and roll lathes are the same;
(2) The performance parameters of the main drive are the same, but the mechanical structure inside the numerically-modified headstock is more complex than that of the digitally-controlled heavy-duty truck, and the maintenance is slightly more difficult;
(3) The key technical parameters that determine the vertical and horizontal feed motion of the core part of machine tool performance are the same, and the structural design is also consistent; 
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Automatic cutting machine is assembled slitting knives on standard cutting machine and meet the slitting requirement of customers.
