In order to adapt to the trend of ore turning to “poor, fine and miscellaneous”, most of the flotation processes in the world are developing. While ensuring a high number and quality indicators, the comprehensive utilization of ore is the focus of the reform process. The development of the process structure mainly has the following aspects:

A stage grinding and separation processes attention a technique called "L-S (Cleaner-Scavenger ) process" has become the template processing large molybdenum ore beneficiation of copper porphyry. It has played a positive role in expanding the raw material base of the copper and molybdenum industry because it can promote the production of new lean deposits and utilize the medium and low grade ore of the mined mines.

The "L-S process" is essentially a hybrid-priority process. It has the following advantages:

1. The process, equipment and design layout are not complicated. Due to the closed-circuit regulation, the automatic control is reliable and the production is stable.

2. In the various beneficiation stages, the control of grinding and flotation and the adjustment of the conditions (mineral particle size, slurry concentration, pharmaceutical system, treatment time, etc.) are very favorable and unique.

3. The mill and flotation machine in the first stage of beneficiation have high productivity, lowest investment and operating expenses, and high process indicators.

4. The large amount of abandoned tailings discharged during the production process has a coarse particle size and is easy to stack. It can then be used in construction and other industries, and can also be used as a filling material for underground mining.

The above advantages are very important for the economic efficiency and production stability of the plant.

Second, the fractional flotation and intermediate flotation fractionation flotation and silt separation process, in order to reduce the fineness of fine particle mineral recovery, reduce the lower limit of fine particle size recovery Mud interference, rational use of drugs, fractionation-level flotation and mud and sand sorting processes are applied and developed as a new process to improve sorting efficiency, such as Twins in the United States and Morgan Hill in Australia. After the mining plant, the former Soviet Union Zhezkazgan and the Bakhash selection plant, and the Japanese pine peak selection plant, the process indicators have been greatly improved after the use of the mud sand separation process.

Intermediate flotation uses intermediate flotation under coarse grinding conditions to be an effective measure to reduce mineral mudation in the monomer dissociation state. Production practice has found that there are quite a few useful minerals in the coarse-grained grade after coarse grinding. This monomer dissociation is not able to overflow with the cyclone into the flotation circuit due to its coarse particle size, but before the flotation There is no need to re-grind. For this purpose, intermediate flotation is designed to recover the dissociated coarse ore particles in time, and the tailings are sent to the classification operation or returned to the grinding. Therefore, the over-grinding phenomenon is obviously alleviated, and the loss of useful minerals in the fine particles is reduced. At the same time, the average particle size of the final concentrate increases, which helps to filter and reduce the moisture of the filter cake. In recent years, the coarse flotation cell and flash flotation method developed by Outokumpu of Finland will make the intermediate flotation process more perfect and practical.

Third, the branch flotation process, which has a lower ore grade ore. It can improve the taste of raw ore by itself; the refractory and fine-grained part of the pulp can be carried by the former flotation product (foam) as a carrier; or the drug can be reduced by means of the remaining agent in the former foam product. These advantages are considered to be good conditions for improving the beneficiation index. Our silver lead zinc ore processing plant Hill applied in the process of transformation process, and achieved good results.

Fourth, heavy medium pre-selection - flotation process lead ore pre-selection of heavy medium before ore flotation, can be largely abandoned (disposal amount of 35% to 40%), improve the ore grade, the grade of ore gradually declines under guarantee or improve metal recoveries. The lead-zinc ore heavy medium pre-selection and flotation process is increasingly widely used. For example, after the pre-selection of heavy ore in the ore by the Lennongorsk plant of the former Soviet Union, the heavy product and fine-grain grade ore were separately treated to increase the metal recovery rate. % to 2.5%, while reducing processing costs. In addition, such as the former Soviet Zlynovsk and Dikske, the United States Bab-Barnes, Japan's fine, the Canadian Suliwan, West Germany, the Amis-Salda of Masua, Italy and Poland The sulphide ore, oxidized ore and mixed lead recantation plants in Yankusuke have successfully adopted the heavy medium pre-selection process. This process has also been adopted in China's Chaihe lead-zinc ore dressing plant.

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