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Shipping companies are working to reduce environmental impacts, and wet scrubbers that use exhaust gas purification have proven to be an effective alternative to low-sulfur fuels.
    Since IMO has strict requirements to reduce the sulfur content of marine fuels from 3.5% to 0.5% by 2020, shipping companies must now decide which solution to choose. One of these solutions is a wet scrubber that allows the shipowner to continue to use fuels with a high sulfur content.
    The wet scrubber is installed in the flue and can wash away 98% of sulfur oxides and 95% of soot particles. It is particularly advantageous to install scrubbers for larger vessels with engines of 3 MW and above (purchased by the product library), without the use of more expensive low sulfur fuels.
    Since the pump must be used to send a large amount of water to the top of the flue for cleaning (purchasing supply), the power of the motor (purchasing supply) plays an important role in the pumping capacity of the scrubber. Hall's energy efficiency IE3 marine motors are increasingly being used in powerful pumps.
    Alfa Laval is one of the companies that produce wet scrubbers. Jens Peter Hansen, Alfa Laval's research and development manager for exhaust gas purification, explains that wet scrubbers use open or closed systems for cleaning, depending on the environmental requirements of the sailing area.
    Jens Peter Hansen explains, “In an open system, the exhaust gas is washed with brine. The sulfur and soot particles are separated from the gas and dissolved in the water. For a typical marine engine, it is easy to get about 1000 cubic meters of water per hour. The gas combines in water to become a harmless sulfate, and most of the soot particles are dissolved before the clean water flows back to the ocean."
    As an alternative to open systems, there is also a closed system in which the same clean water is pumped through the circulation tank to the top of the flue.
    “In a closed system, the sulphur and fumes that are flushed out are not directly discharged into the sea. The soot particles are collected in a tank and sent to the appropriate receiving device on the land. Sulfur is used continuously in the process of using sodium hydroxide. Being neutralized. To prevent sedimentation, only a few cubic meters of sodium sulfate-containing water is discharged per hour,†explains Jens Peter Hansen. This is completely allowed because the sea already contains a lot of sodium sulfate.
    Both solutions protect the environment from hazardous gases, but there is no perfect solution. The open system discharges soot residues into the ocean, and the process of removing sludge and soot from a closed system means additional carbon dioxide emissions on land.
    Jens Peter Hansen believes that wet scrubbers are a viable alternative to low-sulfur marine fuels.
    “The production of distilled low-sulfur fuels will increase the land by 10-15% of carbon dioxide pollution, which in turn will make the marine engines use heavy fuels directly and then clean the exhaust gases more environmentally friendly,†said Jens Peter Hansen.